In the case of digital modeling, objects are not modeled manually but on the computer. Using 3D scanning, it is also possible to combine manual and digital modeling. Computer-aided modeling takes place by means of editing a virtual 3D model in a 3D program. Producers of animated films also use similar programs.
In the Kunstgiesserei, we use the 3D system Freeform Modeling from SensAble in connection with a haptic system. When using a haptic system, users can touch and manipulate virtual objects with a ‘pen’. This ‘pen’ is a guided user interface that is steered in a manner comparable to a computer mouse, but in free, three-dimensional space. The ‘pen’ is moved in empty, three-dimensional space until the cursor encounters a virtual object. In contrast to in the real world, in virtual space it is possible to enter objects and manipulate and touch them from the inside, or to edit and structure them from the inside to the outside.
Freeform is used in the Kunstgiesserei for interaction with semi-finished products from digital 3D scanning, among other technologies. For this, a 3D scan is further processed with Freeform; thus, for example, “holes” in the digital surface – uncaptured scan data – can be closed. Afterwards, it is also possible to change, manipulate, bend or deform data from scans.
Freeform is also used in the production of models based on 3D data on the CNC 5-axis milling machine and the milling robot: for precise cutting of complex geometries, deep concavities, or extreme dimensions. The sections of the form can be supplemented with printer registration marks so that they can later be assembled accurately.
The modeling technique is also used for calculating weight, center of gravity and surface.
Images 1–5: Urs Fischer "Clays"